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Mobility or social reproduction in a poor quarter of Buenos Aires
Pla, Jesica y Chávez Molina, Eduardo.
2010 Spring Meeting of the Research Committee on Social Stratification and Mobility (RC28) of the International Sociological Association. RC 28 ISA (Research Committee on Social Stratification and Mobility of the International Sociological Association), Haifa, 2009.
  ARK: https://n2t.net/ark:/13683/pGm8/UGy
Resumen
According to Gino Germani (1963) in the first half of the twenty century, particularly after the National State’s consolidation and the massive immigration, in Argentina was remarkable important the ascending intra-generational social mobility phenomenon (also call career). However, the global crisis of the thirties and the arrival of Perón to government in 1945, who initiated a project based on the development’s model and industrialization as axis of the economy, produced a turning: ascending intra-generational social mobility lost this importance and ascending inter-generational social mobility phenomenon took place. It lasted until the latest Seventies (Beccaria, 1978; Jorrat, 1987, 1997). Since this time, with a military dictatorship’s government, a series of neoliberal macroeconomic policies and the consolidation of a new power structure closely linked with the financial and commercial global wave, transformed the pattern of accumulation. These processes led to an external and fiscal crisis and a structural imbalance’s scenario (Pucciarelli, 2004) during the eighties. Just in the early 1990s, the output of this stage was achieved through Convertibility’s Program and a series of structural reform which consolidated the trends opened in 1976. From this point, two concomitant processes deepened, making the social structure even more dual: a strengthening of occupational inheritance’s process in social structure’s high positions and a self - recruitment of social structure’s low positions. These processes, together with the prevalence of short distance social mobility define an unequal social mobility’s system depending on origin’s social position.In the recent years, under a favourable international context, Argentina has started an expansive phase of economic activity, characterized by a increase of employment demand levels and the improvement of general social indicators. However, this new scenario has not changed the social inequality consolidated over the past three decades, and therefore labour market structural heterogeneity and social polarization remains.Having seen the trades in social mobility’s patterns and the changes in development’s models in Argentina, the investigation of the characteristics that assume inter-generational social mobility’s processes in suburb of Buenos Aires, Argentina, presents to us as like of vital importance, because it enables a dynamic analysis on social inequality. The importance of review this process in a suburb is in the fact that we could establish the differences between this and the ones observed in national level, offering an analysis of the existence of unequal opportunities. We will use like data’s source a own controlled study of cases, carried out by a retrospective and diachronic type survey, framework of the PICT project 2005 Nº: 33737 "The new urban marginality social playing", under the direction of Dr. Agustin Salvia in the Gino Germani Institute Research, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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