Southern and central regions of Argentina moved from being relatively poor in the sixteenth century to be the richest of the country nowadays. Although there is some evidence of this reversal, the process of regional growth in Argentina in the first half of the twentieth century is unknown. In this paper, we present an estimation of the GDPs of the twenty-five provinces in Argentina in 1914 which is the first consistent estimation of this variable for any period before the 1950s. Our results confirm that in 1914 the city of Buenos Aires and some districts in Patagonia had the highest per capita GDP and a comparison with the available data for 1953 show strong persistence in incomes per capita in this period; sectoral analysis of provincial GDPs suggest that growth of the leading districts was driven by agglomeration economies in some cases and land abundance in others.